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How do I improve my Swedish from my Svengelska and gather more Swedish vocabulary?
I'm from Hong Kong and I just began my first year in university.
I have been in touch with Swedish since I was just a 12-year-old kid. Previously as a
mellanstadium student I have learnt a bit of French but I did not continue. Later, with only Wikipedia, Wiktionary and Wikiversity, the first thing I did was learning all the declensions and conjugations (for example:
en modig hjältinna pratar, flera modiga hjältinnor pratade, den modiga hjältinnan har pratat, de modiga hjältinnorna ska prata), as well as A-Ö and 1 to 1 000 000. I had no problems pronouncing the sj-sound and know about soft/hard vowels and some exceptions (e.g.
Kiruna is pronounced with a hard K while
Kista is pronounced with a soft K,
kör means choir when pronounced with a hard K but driving when pronounced with a soft K), and I can vary the word order.
Since I've been trained in English since I was 1 year old (for your reference, I have 8.5 in IELTS Reading and Listening), I learnt Swedish from English, and since a major portion of Swedish vocabulary have cognates in English, I often tend to speak what is called "Svengelska" - What sounds like Swedish but with kinda excessive anglicisms and English-style verb-preposition patterns
(e.g. attackera, arrivera, posta, duplicera, revanschera, intresserad i). I know that attackera is proper Swedish as stipulated on
svenska.se, but I thought
anfalla would be more proper Swedish. I also find myself to be in a lack of genuine Swedish vocabulary.
Earlier during
högstadium and
gymnasium I tried to gather some Swedish vocabulary by watching
svtplay.se 's news programs and by following some Swedish Instagram accounts (note that I used to watch Aktuellt, not that news session in easy Swedish which only started in 2019). I have also set my phone's language to Swedish since I was 12 years old. I also got myself familiar with Swedish TV channels, since I grew tired of watching TVB (TVB in Hong Kong is like RTL in Luxembourg). And with this, that means I listen to Melodifestivalen songs as well, such as "Främling" and "Diggiloo Diggiley".
Later when I finished my university entrance exams in May, I decided to look for some Swedish anime. And I found out that
sailormoon, first aired in 1996 on TV4, was the first anime to be telecast on Swedish TV. I later discovered that there are more Swedish-dubbed anime before Sailor Moon like Starzinger and Silver Fang, but they would not and did not air on SVT, which was in state monopoly at the time.
I have been watching Sailor Moon since September and now I'm up to Episode 30. I've got loads of vocabulary from the series, and I checked each word's meaning and examples on the Swedish Academy Dictionary.
For verbs, there are
besudla, utplåna, låtsas, nappa, koka ihop, åkalla, etc.\ For nouns, there are
skråma, tönt, vits, avsikt, förtvivlan, etc.\ For adjectives, there are
äkta, klok, läskig, begåvande, skör, etc.
None of the above words sound like svengelska now. Sailor Moon introduced to me colloquial Swedish that I couldn't find on Aktuellt, but I believe there are much more sources I can learn genuine Swedish from. TT's page about svengelska is one of them. Are there any other good sources?
submitted by merkuriuskraft to Svenska [link] [comments]
Välkommen - This week's language of the week: Swedish!
Swedish (svenska [svɛnːska]) is a
North Germanic language, spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland. Swedish is a descendant of the
Old Norse language, which was the common language of the Germanic people living in Scandinavia during the Viking era. There are approximately 10 million native Swedish speakers, with the vast majority of them living in Sweden, or in the coastal areas of Ostrobothnia, Southwest Finland and Nyland, as well as the Åland Islands, an autonomous province of Finland. The language shares a high degree of mutual intelligibility with Norwegian and Danish.
Linguistics
Swedish is a North Germanic language, making it related to the other North Germanic languages such as Norwegian, Danish, Faroese and Icelandic. More distantly, it is related to other Germanic languages such as English and Scots as well as other Indo-European languages such as Russian and Hindi.
Classification Swedish's full classification is as follows:
Indo-European (
Proto-Indo-European) >
Germanic (
Proto-Germanic) > North Germanic (
Proto-Norse >
Old Norse > East Scandinavian (
Old East Norse) > Swedish (
Old Swedish >
Modern Swedish >
Contemporary Swedish)
Phonology and Phonotactics See also:
Swedish Phonology Most varieties of Swedish contrast nine places of articulation, giving rise to 17 vowel phonemes when the length contrast is taken into account. This makes Swedish one of the most vowel-rich languages. The length covaries with the quality of the vowels, with short vowels being more centered and lax. Traditionally, length has been the primary distinction with quality of the vowel being secondary. No short vowels appear in stressed or open syllables, and the front vowels (but not the back) appear in rounded/unrounded pairs.
Swedish also contains 18 consonant phonemes, with two of them (
/ɧ/ and /) having multiple realizations depending on social and dialectal contexts. /t l/ are always realized as dental, though /n d s/ can be realized as either dental or alveolar, though /n d/ are always the same. The dental realization is the most prevalent one in Central Standard Swedish.
/p t k/ show aspiration when they are in a stressed position, unless they follow an /s/ (similar to English "pit" and "spit").
The Swedish phoneme /ɧ/ (the "sje-sound" or voiceless postalveolar-velar fricative) and its alleged coarticulation is a difficult and complex issue debated amongst phoneticians. Though the acoustic properties of its [ɧ] allophones are fairly similar, the realizations can vary considerably according to geography, social status, age, gender as well as social context and are notoriously difficult to describe and transcribe accurately. Most common are various [ɧ]-like sounds, with [ʂ] occurring mainly in northern Sweden and [ɕ] in Finland.
/ has distinct variations in Standard Swedish. The realization as an alveolar trill occurs among most speakers only in contexts where emphatic stress is used. In Central Swedish, it is often pronounced as a fricative (transcribed as [ʐ]) or approximant (transcribed as [ɹ]), which is especially frequent in weakly articulated positions such as word-finally and somewhat less frequent in stressed syllable onsets, in particular after other consonants. It may also be an apico-alveolar tap. One of the most distinct features of the southern varieties is the uvular realization of /, which may be a trill [ʀ], a fricative [ʁ] or an approximant [ʁ̞].
In most varieties of Swedish that use an alveolar / (in particular, the central and northern forms), the combination of / with dental consonants (/t, d, n, l, s/) produces retroflex consonant realizations, a recursive sandhi process called "retroflexion".
As in English, Swedish can distinguish words based on stress. However, Swedish also has
pitch accent. There are two accents in the Swedish pitch-accent system: an acute and a grave (also called accent 1 and accent 2 or single and double tone). Around 300 minimal pairs have been found for the pitch accent system.
Syllables in Swedish must either contain a long vowel or a short vowel + consonant. Swedish follows the general Germanic tendency to prefer closed syllables and relatively long consonant clusters. In Swedish, clusters of up to 7 consonants can occur when inflections are used with foreign words or names, and especially when compound nouns are formed. The Swedish syllable structure can be described as: (C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)(C) with all consonants being optional provided V is a long vowel. An example of a word using six consonants (3 on either side of the vowel) is skrämts [skrɛmːts].
All but one of the consonant phonemes, /ŋ/, can occur at the beginning of a morpheme, though there are only 6 possible three-consonant combinations, all of which begin with /s/, and a total of 31 initial two-consonant combinations. All consonants except for /h/ and /ɕ/ can occur finally, and the total number of possible final two-consonant clusters is 62. This leads to words that are nigh impossible to pronounce, such as västkustskt /²vɛstkʊstskt/. Central Standard Swedish and most other Swedish dialects feature a rare "complementary quantity" feature, wherein a phonologically short consonant follows a long vowel and a long consonant follows a short vowel; this is true only for stressed syllables and all segments are short in unstressed syllables.
Grammar General Swedish word order is
Verb-second (V2), something it shares in common with the majority of Germanic languages, within a more general
Subject-Verb-Object word order.
Nouns in Swedish distinguish two genders - common and neuter, with agreement being marked in definite forms as well as on adjectives and articles. Swedish nouns do not mark for case, though the vestige of the genitive is still used as
-s (similar to English), though this is best classified as a clitic rather than a true case marking. When declining a Swedish noun, the general pattern is root - plural - definite article - genitive. Swedish nouns are traditionally classified into 5 declension classes based on their plural indefinite ending; this is used to form the plural of the noun. The definite article in Swedish is mostly expressed by a suffix on the head noun, while the indefinite article is a separate word preceding the noun. Articles differ in form depending on the gender and number of the noun.
Swedish pronouns distinguish, much like English, a subject and and object form. They also inflect for both person and number. In the third person, Swedish singular pronouns take four forms, one for each gender as well as ones for biological sex for animate objects. The plural form of the third person pronouns has collapsed, however, and does not distinguish gender.
Verbs do not inflect for person or number in modern standard Swedish. They inflect for the present and past tense and imperative, subjunctive, and indicative mood. Other tenses are formed by combinations of auxiliary verbs with infinitives or a special form of the participle called the "supine". In total there are six spoken active-voice forms for each verb: infinitive, imperative, present, preterite/past, supine, and past participle. The only subjunctive form used in everyday speech is vore, the past subjunctive of vara ("to be"). It is used as one way of expressing the conditional ("would be", "were"), but is optional. Except for this form, subjunctive forms are considered archaic.
Verbs may also take the passive voice. The passive voice for any verb tense is formed by appending -s to the tense. For verbs ending in -r, the -r is first removed before the -s is added. Verbs ending in -er often lose the -e- as well, other than in very formal style: stärker ("strengthens") becomes stärks or stärkes ("is strengthened") (exceptions are monosyllabic verbs and verbs where the root ends in -s). Swedish uses the passive voice more frequently than English.
There are four conjugation classes in Swedish, corresponding to the ending on the verbs.
Miscellany - Swedish has a 29 letter alphabet, which is completely identical to the Finnish alphabet.
- The Swedish Language Council regulates the standard language, but does not try to control its evolution. Most follow the Council's recommendations when writing Swedish officially, and the Council has published a handbook detailing Swedish orthographic rules. Members of the Council vary in their importance, with one, the Swedish Academy, publishing dictionaries (that, while they are often taken as prescriptive, are meant to describe current usage) as well as style guides and various books on the standard grammar.
Samples
Spoken sample:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfneT6kiR2w (Swedish newscast)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oujcUWDvtJA (Swedish newscast on bottle flipping)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=biZpKFd94K8 (Swedish Lullaby)
Written sample:
Alla människor är födda fria och lika i värde och rättigheter. De är utrustade med förnuft och samvete och bör handla gentemot varandra i en anda av broderskap.
Sources
Further Reading
- The Wikipedia page on Swedish
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Kalaw Lagaw Ya submitted by galaxyrocker to languagelearning [link] [comments]
Swedish resources thread!
I've been watching this subreddit's sidebar for a while and noticed that this thread still hasn't been created, so I'm going to take the initiative. Post any Swedish-language specific resources you've come across and I'll add them to this post: textbooks, interactive online lessons, audio programs, online dictionaries, etc.. I'll make a separate thread for Swedish media (films, books, games, newspapers, and so on), so please don't post that here. If you're posting something, please include a link to it if it's an online resource or a link to somewhere where it's described or sold if it's not.
Textbooks Taught through English:
Teach Yourself Swedish Comprehensive Includes a book and two CDs.
Colloquial Swedish Includes a book and two CDs.
Monolingual (Swedish only):
På Svenska! 1, 2 och 3 Components include a textbook, a workbook, audio CDs, and a grammar book. (The grammar book has been translated into several languages, so perhaps it's not entirely correct to call the series monolingual.)
Mål 1 and 2 Components include a textbook, a workbook and audio CDs.
På G Having trouble finding information about this one but I believe it's also possible to purchase a workbook and audio materials as well as the standard textbook.
Folkets Universitetet also lists plenty of other monolingual textbooks and resources
here Online lessons Digitala Spåret Interactive online lessons for beginners.
Software courses Rosetta Stone Swedish Beginners' software program.
Audio courses Pimsleur Swedish Audio-only beginners' course.
Dictionaries Online:
Folkets Lexikon Excellent collaboratively-edited Swedish-to-English and English-to-Swedish online dictionary. Includes downloadble audio samples of pronunciation.
Lexin Monolingual Swedish dictionary. Includes downloadable audio.
Paper:
Norstedts ordböcker Dictionaries to and from Swedish in a wide range of languages, plus monolingual Swedish dictionaries.
Grammar books Taught through English:
Essentials of Swedish Grammar Clear and fairly comprehensive grammar book, suitable for those with no prior knowledge of the grammar of any language.
Essential Swedish grammar 201 Swedish Verbs Verb conjugation resource.
Monolingual:
To be added Okay, I think that's everything I've familiar with. List resources that have helped you in the comments!
EDIT: This is a thread for Swedish-specific resources. General language learning resources go in
this thread.
submitted by steppes to Svenska [link] [comments]
verb conjugation svenska video
sv Svenska ; th ไทย Verb conjugation made easy. You may have heard that conjugation is one of the most complicated parts of grammar in many languages but it is essential to become a fluent, confident speaker. And do not believe the hype - learning how to conjugate verbs is simpler than you think. Regular verbs are usually quite straightforward in most languages, therefore you will Swedish verb conjugation. Swedish is the national language of Sweden. It is spoken by 9 million native speakers in Sweden and Finland. It's a Germanic language. Conjugate a Swedish Verb . Fill in the infinitive. Don't use any capital letters! Some of the Swedish characters don't exist in the English alphabet. If you can't input them here - try the following: To Get Enter Sample Verbs; ä: a Svenska; 7. Verb conjugation Homepage Swedish grammar 7. Verb conjugation. 7. Verb conjugation. A verb expresses an action or a state of being. Swedish verbs only inflect for different tenses, and as such have four different forms: the infinitive form (the base form), the present tense, the past tense and the past participle form. Swedish verbs are divided into four conjugation categories Svenska verb. När du letar efter svenska verbböjningar kan bab.las hjälpmedel för svensk verbböjning hjälpa dig dagligen. Med bab.las svenska verbböjningar kan du snabbt och enkelt få veta hur svenska verb ska böjas. Du kan använda det på svenska men även på andra språk. Du behöver bara gå tillbaka till startsidan för bab.las Conjugation - not to be confused with declension which is the inflection of nouns and adjectives – means altering the original form of a verb according to the person, number, gender, tense, aspect, mood and voice, among many other categories depending on the language in question. sv Svenska ; th ไทย You can look up Swedish verb conjugation when you are not sure about the different persons or cases and you can also use the bab.la Swedish verb conjugation search by letter to learn new Swedish verb conjugation. When you hear a Swedish verb and you don't know the Swedish verb conjugation it is also very helpful when you write it down and look it up it in the bab
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